The gramaphone - was invented in the 1870s and was used until the early 1980s. The music industry developed much slower in terms of production and technology development. It gace birth to the vinyls and created a culture of private listening - a revolution itself. now considered retro and collectables.
The cassette - Philips introduced the compact audio cassette 1963/4. Although other cassette players Philips decided, under pressure from Sony for it to become a free format. It was the first type of file sharing device as people swapped and copied cassettes. The music industry was against this as people could now record music themselves. As a result pop music became more popluar as it was portable and it created an underground scene and even had political importance -Iran. it declined in the early 1990s because of the CD.
Compact Discs - was developed by Sony and Philips , the first album was released by Billy Joel's 52nd street which reached the market along with the Sony Cd player (synergy). Cds allowed ore convergence - Cds developed for dtorgar of data, in line with Pcs and computerswhich allows people to author their own CDs (convergence/synergy). The quality was ment to be better than cassettes and CDs suffered a sharp decline in early 200 with the mp3 format introduced.
portable music players:
1954 - transitor radio -portable
1970-boombox allowed cassette and radio play. (hip hop culture and breakdancing associated)
1980s- walkman by Sony popular name brand avaliable in different colours became a fashion accessory.
1986 - discman/ CDs killed of the cassette player.
1998- mp3 player Saehans MPMan f10, held only 10 songs gave companies new ideas for portable music devices.
2001- apple ipod released
Sunday, 22 March 2009
Sunday, 15 March 2009
skint records
Skint Records is a Brighton-based dance music record labeel owned by JC Reid, Tim Jeffery and Damian Harris. It was created as a sublabel of Loaded Recordds, also founded by Reid and Jeffery. The label was, together with Wall of Sounnd, a leader in the big beaet music scene of the mid to late 1990s.
The label at this time included scene leaders Fatboy Slim, Hardknox, Indian Ropeman, Freq Nasty and X-Press 2. Towards the end of the 1990s and at the start of the 21st century the label had expanded its range of releases to include more house based songs, most prominently "Lazy" by X-Press 2, which charted at number 2 in the UK charts.
Skint are the holders of one of the longest current Football league sponsorship deal, as their current contract with Brighton & Hove Albion F.C. will see them having been present as the main kit sponsor for nine years. Their name, however, does not appear consistently across all the Brighton and Hove shirts, with some variation in logo.
Compared to the big four record labels skint records is a fairly small label even though it is a long running label with some famous artists. It is not a well known label as it has a small following on myspace, even though this shows that it has joined the online age trying to reach a wider, younger audience. It uses sampling methods to try and attract new followers with free samples and videos to watch as well as information about gigs all over the world including France and Holland. There are also contact details for demo tapes so new bands and artists can try and get signed. However linking to the internet has concerns for the labal as more and more music is downloaded illegally form filesharing sites which is why being able to listen to free tracks is so important to try and get people interested in the company.
They describe themselves as electronica/ indie/alternative as well as being a dance label it has the message "Let the beats roll" relating to a younger audience who are interested in dance/ alternative music. This is also shown through the link with radio 1 DJ Annie Mac who has played a minimix on the show relating to a younger wider audince, it also has links with festivals such as Glastonbury. The audience comsumptions habits suggest that they like going to clubs and gigs as well as spending time on the internet searching for new songs. The label distributes its music through the online store where vinyl , CDs as well as other merchandise is sold such as wallets and mousemats with the company logo on.
The label at this time included scene leaders Fatboy Slim, Hardknox, Indian Ropeman, Freq Nasty and X-Press 2. Towards the end of the 1990s and at the start of the 21st century the label had expanded its range of releases to include more house based songs, most prominently "Lazy" by X-Press 2, which charted at number 2 in the UK charts.
Skint are the holders of one of the longest current Football league sponsorship deal, as their current contract with Brighton & Hove Albion F.C. will see them having been present as the main kit sponsor for nine years. Their name, however, does not appear consistently across all the Brighton and Hove shirts, with some variation in logo.
Compared to the big four record labels skint records is a fairly small label even though it is a long running label with some famous artists. It is not a well known label as it has a small following on myspace, even though this shows that it has joined the online age trying to reach a wider, younger audience. It uses sampling methods to try and attract new followers with free samples and videos to watch as well as information about gigs all over the world including France and Holland. There are also contact details for demo tapes so new bands and artists can try and get signed. However linking to the internet has concerns for the labal as more and more music is downloaded illegally form filesharing sites which is why being able to listen to free tracks is so important to try and get people interested in the company.
They describe themselves as electronica/ indie/alternative as well as being a dance label it has the message "Let the beats roll" relating to a younger audience who are interested in dance/ alternative music. This is also shown through the link with radio 1 DJ Annie Mac who has played a minimix on the show relating to a younger wider audince, it also has links with festivals such as Glastonbury. The audience comsumptions habits suggest that they like going to clubs and gigs as well as spending time on the internet searching for new songs. The label distributes its music through the online store where vinyl , CDs as well as other merchandise is sold such as wallets and mousemats with the company logo on.
Sony BMG
which subsidary labels do BMG own?
some examples include columbia records,jive records, epic records aware records, C2 records, loud records, 550 records and red ink records as well as many more.
How is Sony vertically intergrated?
walkman, mp3 players with a sony mp3 format. laptops, computers, links to big films such as Bond films, sony ericson mobiles as well as sony playstations.
How do Sony profit from media convergence?
Sony profits by combining products such as having a guitarhero game that involves only Oasis as well as using soundtracks on videogames and sponsorship of popular music related Tv channels such as E4 and MTV.
some examples include columbia records,jive records, epic records aware records, C2 records, loud records, 550 records and red ink records as well as many more.
How is Sony vertically intergrated?
walkman, mp3 players with a sony mp3 format. laptops, computers, links to big films such as Bond films, sony ericson mobiles as well as sony playstations.
How do Sony profit from media convergence?
Sony profits by combining products such as having a guitarhero game that involves only Oasis as well as using soundtracks on videogames and sponsorship of popular music related Tv channels such as E4 and MTV.
key terms
synergy: when two comapnies work together for a mutual benefit for example Orange wednesdays when people on the mobile network orange get half price tickets to certain cinemas which benefits both companies.
vertical intergration: This is how companies build themselves starting with one product that links to many others for example apple have mac computers which has itunes as its music site which has a format that only ipods can be used with which means that people have to buy the products building the comapny.
convergence: when media technologies come together in one product for example the iphone which has the internet, music, phone, email and games all in one product.
vertical intergration: This is how companies build themselves starting with one product that links to many others for example apple have mac computers which has itunes as its music site which has a format that only ipods can be used with which means that people have to buy the products building the comapny.
convergence: when media technologies come together in one product for example the iphone which has the internet, music, phone, email and games all in one product.
Tuesday, 3 March 2009
Notes 02.03.09 - music industry
Production :
- advances in technology
- user based production
- no more reliance on record company
- musical expertise is not needed e.g Garageband and logic > a loop based software which is evident in manufactured pop artists
- cost no longer an issue
Distribution :
- internet as a primary medium, web 2.0 e.g youtube
- no longer expensive can be free ; largely accessed as 'free' music
- not legal in most cases- filesharing through limewire
- now making physical formats obsolete e.g tapes, CD's > which impacts on retail outlets
- difficult to track and monitor
- industry forced to enter new ways of marketing, in keeping with interactive nature of distribution
Consumption :
- Follows trend of using new media technology e.g. "Youtube".
- Linked to image more explicitly through visual media
- Saturated/ diluted experiences of accessing music - devalued?
The 'big' 4 record companies: Sony, Warner Bros, Universal and EMI.
The big four are very powerful, in the music industry smaller record companies take only 20% of the indstury.
The development of the music industry is linked to the development of techonology.
1980 - The compact disk emerged.
1982 - CDs able to be played on computers.
1988 - Sales of CDs over took the sales of Vinyl.
1990 - Recordable CDs became available.
1997 - MP3 players emerged.
1999 - "Napster" service was launched- revolution that led to legal battles over copyright
2000 - Broadband was introduced to the UK.
2001 - Apple launchediPod and iTunes
2003- CD sales has fallen by one third.
2005 - iPod shuffle made downloading cheaper and more access able.
consumption of music
Legally
Downloads
- iTunes
Purchases
- CDs
- Concert Tickets
- Other.
- Radio 67%
- Magazines 21%
- Newspapers 17%
- Blogs 14%
Online
- 75% watched a music video online in the last 3 months
- 38% use "youtube" to find new songs/artist.
Radio
- 67% use this as main source of finding new artists/songs.
Illegally
File sharing
- 63% download illegally and 70% of these don't feel guilty.
83% - Play via MP3 players..
62% - Play via mobile phones.
42% - Play via a games console.
50% - Play via download.
Downloads
- iTunes
Purchases
- CDs
- Concert Tickets
- Other.
- Radio 67%
- Magazines 21%
- Newspapers 17%
- Blogs 14%
Online
- 75% watched a music video online in the last 3 months
- 38% use "youtube" to find new songs/artist.
Radio
- 67% use this as main source of finding new artists/songs.
Illegally
File sharing
- 63% download illegally and 70% of these don't feel guilty.
83% - Play via MP3 players..
62% - Play via mobile phones.
42% - Play via a games console.
50% - Play via download.
Thursday, 8 January 2009
The script
The Script are a three piece Irish pop rock band from Dublin. The band members are Danny O’Donoghue who is the lead vocalist, Mark Sheehan who plays guitar and vocals and Glen Power who plays drums and is also a vocalist. The genre of their music is pop rock although they describe themselves as “This is a whole new brand of Celtic Soul, blending hip hop lyrical flow with pop melodiousness”. There record labels are Phonogenic/ Sony BMG Ireland / RCA Label Group UK, they are currently based in London.
The target audience for this band I think is teenagers to late twenties. Targeting mostly women as it is a pop rock band who are made up of 3 male band members and there image portrays them to be likeable. I think that the target audience are younger people as they have websites and blogs and are members of Facebook, Bebo and other sites. The lifestyle of the audience is active and social which is shown through the websites the band is a part of.
You would find their music in the charts and on the radio such as radio 1 who is aimed at a younger audience as well as on music channels and the internet which shown that they are appealing to a younger audience who know about technology.
The image the band creates is a clean cut image as they don’t dress to make a statement or stand out as they mostly wear black which gives them more of a rock feel. They are also not in the celebrity news or gossip magazines talking about the scandals they have been in. Which reflects the music they make, the pop rock image.
The target audience for this band I think is teenagers to late twenties. Targeting mostly women as it is a pop rock band who are made up of 3 male band members and there image portrays them to be likeable. I think that the target audience are younger people as they have websites and blogs and are members of Facebook, Bebo and other sites. The lifestyle of the audience is active and social which is shown through the websites the band is a part of.
You would find their music in the charts and on the radio such as radio 1 who is aimed at a younger audience as well as on music channels and the internet which shown that they are appealing to a younger audience who know about technology.
The image the band creates is a clean cut image as they don’t dress to make a statement or stand out as they mostly wear black which gives them more of a rock feel. They are also not in the celebrity news or gossip magazines talking about the scandals they have been in. Which reflects the music they make, the pop rock image.
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